Research: Innovation Ecosystem

Research: Innovation Ecosystem

Overview

Research on Innovation Ecosystem as the final outcome layer of STEM Talent Governance — connecting talent development (NTM) and collaborative governance (CG + Triple Helix) to measurable national competitiveness outcomes.

Research Questions

  1. Definisi & Teori — Apa itu Innovation Ecosystem? Bagaimana konsep ini berkembang dari model Isenberg, MIT REAP, hingga framework nasional?
  2. Metrics & Indicators — Bagaimana mengukur innovation ecosystem? (GII, StatCan IEP, MIT REAP)
  3. Talent-to-Outcome Pathway — Bagaimana talenta STEM menjadi output inovasi dan daya saing nasional?
  4. Global Case Studies — Apa pelajaran dari Israel, Silicon Valley, Singapore, dan Jerman?
  5. Indonesia Context — Bagaimana posisi Indonesia dalam GII 2025? Apa gap dan peluang?

Key Findings

Innovation Ecosystem Definition

  • Isenberg (2011): 6-pillar model (Policy, Finance, Culture, Support, Human Capital, Markets)
  • Feldman et al. (2025): Ecosystems as structures of knowledge asymmetry and exchange
  • Huang et al. (2023): Framework for national talent competitiveness based on innovation ecosystem
  • AlSanad et al. (2025): Sustainable National Innovation Ecosystems with roles, components, critical factors

Global Innovation Index (GII) 2025

  • Methodology: 80 indicators across 7 pillars
  • Coverage: 132 economies
  • Indonesia GII 2025: Rank #56 (improved from #59 in 2024)
  • Strengths: Market Sophistication (#35), Business Sophistication (#43)
  • Weaknesses: Knowledge Outputs (#93), Technology Outputs (#88)

Talent-to-Innovation Pathway

  • Huang et al. (2023): Talent ecosystem → collaborative innovation → firm innovation performance
  • Frontiers (2022): Talent ecosystem as mediator in innovation performance
  • MIT REAP: Systematic approach for assessing innovation-driven entrepreneurship ecosystems

Sources

Source Type URL
GII 2025 Methodology Methodology https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2025/en/appendix-i-conceptual-and-measurement-framework-of-the-global-innovation-index.html
GII 2025 Results Rankings https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2025/en/gii-2025-results.html
Huang et al. (2023) Academic Paper https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162523004183
AlSanad et al. (2025) Academic Paper https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-02804-4_3
StatCan (2024) Official Statistics https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-633-x/11-633-x2024003-eng.htm
MIT REAP Framework https://reap.mit.edu/assets/Assessing-iEcosystems.pdf
Frontiers (2022) Academic Paper https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.982368/full
UN DESA (2024) Policy Brief https://www.un.org/ohrlls/sites/www.un.org.ohrlls/files/sdp-18-innovation-ecosystems-for-development.pdf

File Structure

research/innovation-ecosystem/
📄 README.md This file
📄 definisi-teori.md Definition and theory
📄 metrics-indicators.md GII, StatCan, MIT REAP
📄 talent-outcome-pathway.md Talent-to-competitiveness
📄 case-studies-global.md Global clusters
📄 indonesia-konteks.md Indonesia context